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The 14,500 Polish army officers, police, gendarmes, and civilians taken prisoner by the Red Army when it invaded eastern Poland in September 1939 were held in three special NKVD camps and executed at three different sites in spring 1940, of which the one in Katyn Forest is the most famous. Another 7,300 prisoners held in NKVD jails in Ukraine and Belarus were also shot at this time, although many others disappeared without trace. The murder of these Poles is among the most monstrous mass murders undertaken by any modern government. Three leading historians of the NKVD massacres of Polish prisoners of war at Katyn, Kharkov, and Tver-now subsumed under "Katyn"-present 122 documents selected from the published Russian and Polish volumes coedited by Natalia S. Lebedeva and Wojciech Materski. The documents, with introductions and notes by Anna M. Cienciala, detail the Soviet killings, the elaborate cover-up, the admission of the truth, and the Katyn question in Soviet/Russian-Polish relations up to the present.

Katyn Massacre, Katynʹ, Russia, 1940 --- Katyn Forest Massacre, 1940 --- Massacres --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Atrocities

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Massacres and mass killings have always marked if not shaped the history of the world and as such are subjects of increasing interest among historians. The premise underlying this collection is that massacres were an integral, if not accepted part (until quite recently) of warfare, and that they were often fundamental to the colonizing process in the early modern and modern worlds. Making a deliberate distinction between 'massacre' and 'genocide', the editors call for an entirely separate and new subject under the rubric of 'Massacre Studies', dealing with mass killings that are not genocidal

Polemology --- World history --- Massacres --- Mass murder --- Atrocities --- Meurtre multiple --- Atrocités --- History --- Congresses --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Atrocités --- Congrès --- Military atrocities --- Cruelty --- War crimes --- Multicide --- Murder, Mass --- Murder --- Persecution

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This text brings into mutual dialogue several existing strands of the study of pain and embodied violence. Its two-fold approach, themed both on the hurt and hurt-inducing body, is unique and encompasses both the victim's presence as an image or performed event of pain and the transmitted burden or 'pain' experienced by the watching audience.

Acting --- Pain in literature --- Pain in art --- Emotions --- Art dramatique --- Douleur dans la littérature --- Douleur dans l'art --- Psychological aspects --- Research --- Aspect psychologique --- Recherche --- Pain in the performing arts. --- Performing arts --- Pain in literature. --- Literature, Modern --- History --- History and criticism --- Show business --- Arts --- Performance art --- History and criticism. --- History of civilization --- History of Europe --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1700-1799 --- Douleur dans la littérature --- Research. --- Pain in the performing arts --- Philosophical anthropology --- Art --- 1600-1799 --- Dutch stock trade. --- French tragedy. --- Irish Rebellion. --- Palermo's executions. --- colonial massacres. --- dramatic cruelty. --- early modern colonial body. --- epicurean tastes. --- female gaze. --- hurt(ful) body. --- infanticide. --- masochism. --- painful excitements. --- religious massacres. --- suffering. --- theatrical torture. --- wounding realities.

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This book is a comprehensive presentation of humanitarian intervention in theory and practice during the course of the nineteenth century. Through four case studies, it sheds new light on the international law debate and the political theory on intervention, linking them to ongoing issues, and paying particular attention to the lesser known Russian dimension.The book begins by tracing the genealogy of the idea of humanitarian intervention to the Renaissance, evaluating the Eurocentric gaze of the civilisation-barbarity dichotomy, and elucidates the international legal arguments of both advocates and opponents of intervention, as well as the views of major political theorists. It then goes on to examine four cases as humanitarian interventions: the Greek War of Independence (1821-31), the Lebanon and Syria (1860-61), the Bulgarian atrocities (1876-78), and the U.S. intervention in Cuba (1895-98).

Humanitarian intervention --- International Relations --- Law, Politics & Government --- History --- Intervention (International law) --- Humanitarian intervention. --- 1800 - 1899 --- Social Science / Philanthropy & Charity --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Philanthropy --- charity --- international relations --- modern history --- sociology --- Ottoman Empire --- Russia --- civilization. --- humanity. --- international law. --- intervention. --- massacres. --- non-intervention. --- sovereignty. --- tyranny.

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Turkey's bid to join the European Union has lent new urgency to the issue of the Armenian Genocide as differing interpretations of the genocide are proving to be a major reason for the delay of the its accession. This book provides vital background information and is a prime source of legal evidence and authentic Turkish eyewitness testimony of the intent and the crime of genocide against the Armenians. After a long and painstaking effort, the authors, one an Armenian, the other a Turk, generally recognized as the foremost experts on the Armenian Genocide, have prepared a new, authoritative tr

Armenian Genocide, 1915-1923. --- Trials (Genocide) --- War crime trials --- Armenians --- Courts-martial and courts of inquiry --- Génocide arménien, 1915-1923 --- Procès (Génocide) --- Procès (Crimes de guerre) --- Arméniens --- Cours martiales et tribunaux d'enquête --- Crimes against --- History --- Crimes contre --- Histoire --- Genocide --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Ethnocide --- Purification, Ethnic --- Crime --- Armenian massacres, 1915-1923 --- Armenian question --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Ethnology --- Indo-Europeans --- Trials (War crimes) --- Trials (Crimes against humanity) --- Trials --- Atrocities